Abstract
The 2021 study by Martínez-García et al. investigated how two different pre-activation methods—Variable Intra-Repetition Resistance (VIR-R) and Isometry (ISO)—affected the throwing velocity of female handball players. While group-level significance was not reached, a high percentage of individual players (86–93%) saw improvements in throwing velocity after the protocols.
The findings emphasize the importance of individualized training strategies. While the group-wide results were mixed, the high rate of individual success suggests that coaches should test these pre-activation methods on a player-by-player basis to optimize game-day performance.